There are many causes of cardiovascular disease. At present, it is known that cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, myocardial ischemia reperfusion, arteriosclerosis, etc. are related to autophagy. Under normal circumstances, heart cells can use autophagy to break down damaged organelles and obtain energy through this. It also avoids the damage of reactive oxygen species due to damage to mitochondria, eliminates old proteins, and maintains the heart The stability of the intracellular environment. However, because autophagy plays a dual role at the same time, if the autophagy is performed excessively, it will cause the cells to die and evolve into pathological cardiac hypertrophy, which will cause angina, dyspnea, water belly and other symptoms.
Studies have pointed out that cardiac hypertrophy caused by autophagy can also lead to heart failure, which is more serious with age. The high fatality rate in cardiovascular diseases includes acute myocardial infarction. Early blood vessel reperfusion after infarction is the most important treatment method, but ischemia reperfusion injury can easily lead to heart failure and arrhythmia. Studies have confirmed that this phenomenon is closely related to the autophagy of cardiomyocytes. Autophagy has a protective effect during the ischemic phase, but during the reperfusion phase, autophagy can cause myocardial damage.
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